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Paper 1 (45 raw marks contributing 30% of the course, 1 hour) consists of short-answer and data-based questions. Paper 2 (65 raw marks contributing 50% of the course, 2 hours) consists of: Section A: Candidates are required to analyse and make reasoned and balanced judgements relating to a range of data on a specific unseen case study.
Biology is the scientific study of life. [1] [2] [3] It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. [1] [2] [3] For instance, all organisms are composed of at least one cell that processes hereditary information encoded in genes, which
Molecular biology – study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, with some cross over from biochemistry. Structural biology – a branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macromolecules. Health sciences and human biology – biology of humans.
Azhdarchoidea (/æʒdɑːrˈkɔɪdɪːə/, meaning "azhdarchid-like forms") is a group of pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea.Pterosaurs belonging to this group lived throughout the Early and Late Cretaceous periods, with one tentative member, Tendaguripterus, that lived in the Late Jurassic period.
The theory, which can be called a reaction–diffusion theory of morphogenesis, has become a basic model in theoretical biology. [2] Such patterns have come to be known as Turing patterns. For example, it has been postulated that the protein VEGFC can form Turing patterns to govern the formation of lymphatic vessels in the zebrafish embryo. [3]
The number of papers on the topic of 'pathology' has increased 2.3 times between the years 1991 to 2006. Within the science discipline, the number of review articles in the Science Citation Index increased from 14,815 to 45,829 between 1991 and 2005. Following the same trend, the number of dedicated review journals within the Science Citation ...
The modern consensus is that "sphenosuchians" form a paraphyletic assemblage leading towards the more derived Crocodyliformes. The basal crocodylomorph Saltoposuchidae was defined by Speikman, 2023 as the most inclusive clade containing Saltoposuchus connectens , but not Sphenosuchus acutus , Carnufex carolinensis , and Trialestes romeri .
Cell fusion is an important cellular process in which several uninucleate cells (cells with a single nucleus) combine to form a multinucleate cell, known as a syncytium.Cell fusion occurs during differentiation of myoblasts, osteoclasts and trophoblasts, during embryogenesis, and morphogenesis. [1]