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The densitometer is basically a light source aimed at a photoelectric cell. [2] It determines the density of a sample placed between the light source and the photoelectric cell from differences in the readings. [3] Modern densitometers have the same components, but also have electronic integrated circuitry for better reading. [4]
According to the principle of operation of the densitometer, one can have: spot densitometry: the value of light absorption is measured at a single spot; line densitometry: the values of successive spots along a dimension are expressed as a graph
With this technique, a sensor is typically installed in the pipe, which has an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver in one construction. The ultrasonic density meter calculates the sonic velocity by using the known distance between the transmitter and receiver and the measured transit time.
The granularity measurement [2] involves the use of an optical aperture, 10-50 micrometers in diameter, and in the recording of thousands of optical density readings. The standard deviation of this series of measurements is known as the granularity [ 2 ] [ 3 ] of the measured transmission surface, optical film, or photographic film , in ...
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U-tube with piezo-electric actuator Digital density measuring principle. The oscillating U-tube is a technique to determine the density of liquids and gases based on an electronic measurement of the frequency of oscillation, from which the density value is calculated.
In such use, the apparatus is referred to as an aspirated smoke detector. These have the capability to detect extremely low particle concentrations (to 0.005%) and are therefore highly suitable to protecting sensitive or valuable electronic equipment, such as mainframe computers and telephone switches. [citation needed]
A scanner used to measure bone density using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimetre of bone surface upon imaging. [1]