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Dual_EC_DRBG (Dual Elliptic Curve Deterministic Random Bit Generator) [1] is an algorithm that was presented as a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG) using methods in elliptic curve cryptography.
The Dual_EC_DRBG cryptographic pseudo-random number generator from the NIST SP 800-90A is thought to contain a kleptographic backdoor. Dual_EC_DRBG utilizes elliptic curve cryptography , and NSA is thought to hold a private key which, together with bias flaws in Dual_EC_DRBG, allows NSA to decrypt SSL traffic between computers using Dual_EC ...
Top secret joint task force of the U. S. military and Federal Bureau of Investigation that investigates cases of a paranormal nature, including doppelgangers, mysterious disappearances and the Black and White Lodges. [2] [3] Twin Peaks: TV series and film Bureau of Grossology: Secret organization entrusted with the prevention of gross or ...
V.F.D., (Volunteer Fire Department) a secret organization from the book series A Series of Unfortunate Events and its adaptations. V.I.L.E. (The Villains' International League of Evil), Carmen Sandiego's band of international thieves.
It is often necessary to generate secret and random keys from sources that are semi-secret or which may be compromised to some degree. By taking a single, short (and secret) random key as a source, an extractor can be used to generate a longer pseudo-random key, which then can be used for public key encryption.
Example of a Key Derivation Function chain as used in the Signal Protocol.The output of one KDF function is the input to the next KDF function in the chain. In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) is a cryptographic algorithm that derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function (which typically uses a ...
Fortuna is a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CS-PRNG) devised by Bruce Schneier and Niels Ferguson and published in 2003. It is named after Fortuna, the Roman goddess of chance. FreeBSD uses Fortuna for /dev/random and /dev/urandom is symbolically linked to it since FreeBSD 11. [1] Apple OSes have switched to Fortuna ...
Cryptographic attacks that subvert or exploit weaknesses in this process are known as random number generator attacks. A high quality random number generation (RNG) process is almost always required for security, and lack of quality generally provides attack vulnerabilities and so leads to lack of security, even to complete compromise, in ...