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The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages. [37] [38]According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, [39] potentially in the Altai-Sayan region, Mongolia or Tuva.
By the 12th century, Europeans had begun to call the Anatolian region Turchia or Turkey, the land of the Turks. [154] The Turkish society in Anatolia was divided into urban, rural and nomadic populations; [155] other Turkoman (Turkmen) tribes who had arrived into Anatolia at the same time as the Seljuks kept their nomadic ways. [150]
The Oghuz Turks take their name from the Turkic word for 'clan', 'tribe', or 'kinship'. As such, Oghuz is a common appellation for many Turkic groups, such as the Toquz Oghuz (nine tribes), Sekiz Oghuz (eight tribes), and Uch Oghuz (three tribes). Oghuz has been used to refer to many different Turkic tribes, causing much confusion.
Mahmud al-Kashgari listed 22 Oghuz tribes in Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk. Kashgari further wrote that "In origin they are 24 tribes, but the two Khalajiyya tribes are distinguished from them [the twenty-two] in certain respects [b] and so are not counted among them. This is the origin". [64] [65]
A map of independent Turkish beyliks in Anatolia during the 14th century. Anatolian beyliks (Turkish: Anadolu beylikleri, Ottoman Turkish: Tavâif-i mülûk, Beylik; Turkish pronunciation:) were Turkish [1] principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by beys, the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century.
The Ottoman Turks (Turkish: Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group native to Anatolia.Originally from Central Asia, they migrated to Anatolia in the 13th century and founded the Ottoman Empire, in which they remained socio-politically dominant for the entirety of the six centuries that it existed.
This map shows the distribution of people who spoke Turkish during this period. Prior to the Cyprus dispute Turkish Cypriots lived throughout the island of Cyprus . However, the 1974 Cypriot coup d'état initiated by the Greek military junta , which sought to annex the island to Greece , prompted the Turkish invasion of Cyprus followed by the ...
The modern boundaries of Thrace in Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey The physical–geographical boundaries of Thrace: the Balkan Mountains to the north, the Rhodope Mountains (highlighted) and the Bosporus The Roman province of Thrace c. 200 AD The Byzantine thema of Thrace Map of Ancient Thrace made by Abraham Ortelius in 1585, stating both the names Thrace and Europe Thrace and the Thracian ...