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Mosses do not have seeds and after fertilisation develop sporophytes with unbranched stalks topped with single capsules containing spores. They are typically 0.2–10 cm (0.1–3.9 in) tall, though some species are much larger. Dawsonia, the tallest moss in the world, can grow to 50 cm (20 in) in height. There are approximately 12,000 species.
Light, frequent watering can allow moss to grow quickly, while leaving the lawn too dry for other plants, which need water to soak in to the soil. [2] Once established, moss does not require watering, and is more drought-tolerant than most plants. [2] [17] Moss can survive frozen for centuries, and revive when thawed. [30]
Sphagnum is a genus of approximately 380 accepted species [2] [3] of mosses, commonly known as sphagnum moss, also bog moss and quacker moss (although that term is also sometimes used for peat). Accumulations of Sphagnum can store water, since both living and dead plants can hold large quantities of water inside their cells; plants may hold 16 ...
Peat forms when plant material does not fully decay in acidic and anaerobic conditions. It is composed mainly of wetland vegetation: principally bog plants including mosses, sedges and shrubs. As it accumulates, the peat holds water. This slowly creates wetter conditions that allow the area of wetland to expand.
D. superba is the tallest known moss and can grow up to a height of 60 cm (24 in). Growth rates as high as 48 mm (1.9 in) per year have been observed, although the average growth rate is likely closer to 20 mm (0.79 in) per year.
B. argenteum growing in the cracks of a car window. The species is silvery-green or whitish-green colored when dry. This is because the broadly ovate shaped single leaflets in the tip do not form chlorophyll. The costa extends beyond the middle of the leaf. In damp, undisturbed locations, the branches may also form a more horizontal growth habit.
The moss prefers damp conditions, and is relatively hardy in peat bogs. It does not perform as well in completed submerged conditions as it is incapable of producing sufficient amounts of chlorophyll to grow extensively, and natural causes also result in the death of new shoots produced. [7]
Like all moss, the haploid gametophyte is the dominant phase of the lifecycle of P. formosum. The moss gametophyte has photosynthetic leaves, a stem, and root-like rhizoids that anchor them to the substrate. [9] Polytrichastrum formosum is a medium to large robust acrocarpous moss, growing in uncrowded, unbranching tufts.