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Paramecium feed on microorganisms such as bacteria, algae, and yeasts. To gather food, the Paramecium makes movements with cilia to sweep prey organisms, along with some water, through the oral groove (vestibulum, or vestibule), and into the cell. The food passes from the cilia-lined oral groove into a narrower structure known as the buccal ...
Added a label for the buccal overture, a structure frequently mislabeled as the cytostome on diagrams of Paramecium. For an accurate representation of these structures, see: Ralph Wichterman, The Biology of Paramecium, 2nd Edition, 1986 (fig. 1.3A, on...
Paramecium caudatum [1] is a species of unicellular protist in the phylum Ciliophora. [2] They can reach 0.33 mm in length and are covered with minute hair-like organelles called cilia. [3] The cilia are used in locomotion and feeding. [2] The species is very common, and widespread in marine, brackish and freshwater environments. [4] [5]
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An anal pore is not a permanently visible structure; it appears at the time of defecation and then disappears afterward. In paramecium, the anal pore is a region of pellicle that is not covered by ridges and cilia, and the area has thin pellicles that allow the vacuoles to be merged into the cell surface to be emptied.
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Didinium nasutum consuming a Paramecium. Illustration by S. O. Mast, 1909. Much of what has been published about this genus is based on numerous studies of a single species, Didinium nasutum. A voracious predator, D. nasutum uses specialized structures called toxicysts to ensnare and paralyze its ciliate prey.
Paramecium tetraurelia, a ciliate, with discharged trichocysts (artificially colored in blue). A trichocyst is an organelle found in certain ciliates [1] [2] and dinoflagellates. [3] A trichocyst can be found in tetrahymena and along cila pathways of several metabolic systems.