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Nouns assume the construct state when they are definite and modified by another noun in an iḍāfah (Classical Arabic: إِضَافَةٌ, iḍāfah), the Arabic realization of a genitive construction. For example, in a construction like "the daughter of John", the Arabic word corresponding to "the daughter" is placed in the construct state ...
In forms of Arabic which mark grammatical case, this second noun must be in the genitive case. The construction is typically equivalent to the English construction "(noun) of (noun)". It is a very widespread way of forming possessive constructions in Arabic, [1] and is typical of a Semitic language. [2] Simple examples include:
Arabic grammar (Arabic: النَّحْوُ العَرَبِيُّ) is the grammar of the Arabic language. Arabic is a Semitic language and its grammar has many similarities with the grammar of other Semitic languages. Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic have largely the same grammar; colloquial spoken varieties of Arabic can vary in ...
Levantine Arabic grammar is the set of rules by which Levantine Arabic creates statements, ... Suffixed to nouns, these pronouns express possessive. [43] [41]
Possession may be marked in many ways, such as simple juxtaposition of nouns, possessive case, possessed case, construct state (as in Arabic and Nêlêmwa), [3] or adpositions (possessive suffixes, possessive adjectives). For example, English uses a possessive clitic, 's; a preposition, of; and adjectives, my, your, his, her, etc.
The grammar, the conjugation and the morphology of Tunisian Arabic is very similar to that of other Maghrebi Arabic varieties. [1] It is based on Classical Arabic and influenced by Berber languages and Latin, with some morphological inventions. The Berber influence is more noticeable in Pre-Hilalian dialects. [1]
The Arabic genitive marking also appears after prepositions. e.g. ٍبابٌ لبيت bābun li-baytin (a door for a house) The Semitic genitive should not be confused with the pronominal possessive suffixes that exist in all the Semitic languages e.g. Arabic بيتي bayt-ī (my house) َكتابُك kitābu-ka (your [masc.] book).
However, in Semitic languages with grammatical case, such as Classical Arabic, the modifying noun in a genitive construction is placed in the genitive case in addition to marking the head noun with the construct state (compare, e.g., "John's book" where "John" is in the genitive [possessive] case and "book" cannot take definiteness marking (a ...