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Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number of 25. It is found as the free element in nature (often in combination with iron), and in many minerals. The free element is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses. Manganese ions are variously colored, and are used industrially as pigments and as
Sustainalytics is a company that rates the sustainability of listed companies based on their environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) performance. [1] The company was born of a merger between Toronto-based Jantzi Research, which was founded in 1992 by Sustainalytics' current CEO Michael Jantzi, and its European counterpart. [2]
It was originally founded as Dominion Bond Rating Service in Toronto in 1976, and its operations were integrated with Morningstar Credit Ratings to form Morningstar DBRS after its acquisition by the global financial services firm Morningstar, Inc. in 2019. [1] [2] It is the largest rating agency in Canada.
TEMCO, a manganese smelter located at Georgetown, Tasmania, was sold to GFG Alliance in January 2021 [12] South Africa Energy Coal (SAEC), operating thermal coal mining assets in South Africa, was sold to Seriti in June 2021 [ 13 ]
The Georgian Manganese LLC (GM) is the Georgian subsidiary of the British company Stemcor, producing manganese and ferroalloys. The Georgian Manganese LLC owns Zestaponi Ferroalloy Plant in Zestaponi (through JSC Ferro) and Chiatura mine in Chiatura(through JSC Manganumi). [1] [2] It owned Tao-Privat bank in Georgia from 2007 to 2014. [3]
Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, are mineral concretions on the sea bottom formed of concentric layers of iron and manganese hydroxides around a core. As nodules can be found in vast quantities, and contain valuable metals, deposits have been identified as a potential economic interest. [ 1 ]
With a market share of 50%, it is the largest producer of manganese ore in India. [2] MOIL operates 11 mines in adjoining districts of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh . It has been ranked #486 among the 500 top companies in India and 9th in the Mines and Metals Sector of the Fortune India 500 list for 2011.
Manganese is an essential human dietary element and is present as a coenzyme in several biological processes, which include macronutrient metabolism, bone formation, and free radical defense systems. Manganese is a critical component in dozens of proteins and enzymes. [8] The human body contains about 12 mg of manganese, mostly in the bones.