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Philistia (Hebrew: פְּלֶשֶׁת, romanized: Pəlešeṯ; Biblical Greek: Γῆ τῶν Φυλιστιείμ, romanized: Gê tôn Phylistieím) was a confederation of five main cities or pentapolis in the Southwest Levant, made up of principally Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron, Gath, and for a time, Jaffa (part of present-day Tel Aviv).
Philistine DNA shows similarities to that of ancient Cretans, but it is impossible to specify the exact place in Europe from where Philistines had migrated to Levant, due to limited number of ancient genomes available for study, "with 20 to 60 per cent similarity to DNA from ancient skeletons from Crete and Iberia and that from modern people ...
In the southern Levant, pastoral nomadic tribal groups began to settle down at the start of the 11th century. These included the Israelites in the Cisjordan and the Ammonites, Moabites and Edomites in the Transjordan. [82] The Philistines, a group of Aegean immigrants arrived at the shores of Canaan circa 1175 BCE and settled there. [82] [83] [84]
Maps of Ottoman Palestine showing the Kaza subdivisions. Part of a series on the History of Palestine Prehistory Natufian culture Pre-Pottery Tahunian Ghassulian Jericho Ancient history Canaan Phoenicia Egyptian Empire Ancient Israel and Judah (Israel, Judah) Philistia Philistines Neo-Assyrian Empire Neo-Babylonian Empire Achaemenid Empire Classical period Hellenistic Palestine (Seleucus ...
The Sea Peoples and the Philistines: a course at Penn State; Egyptians, Canaanites, and Philistines in the Period of the Emergence of Early Israel, paper by Itamar Singer at the UCLA Near Eastern Languages & Culture site; PlosOne dating the Sea People destruction of the Levant to 1192–90 BCE
These strata enable the study of the entire sequence of the Philistine culture, since at other Philistine sites (such as Ekron, Ashdod, and Ashkelon) these phases are not well represented. Archaeologists believe it was the largest city of the Southern Levant during the 10th and 9th centuries BCE.
Archaeological evidence supports the existence of a migration of Peleset/Philistines from the Aegean into the southern Levant. [1] The five known sources are below: c. 1150 BCE: Mortuary Temple of Ramesses III: records a people called the P-r-s-t (conventionally Peleset) among those who fought against Egypt in Ramesses III's reign. [2] [3]
c. 311: Bishop Eusebius of Caesarea, Onomasticon: "Philistines (Gen. 21:34). Now called Askalon, the well-known country of Palestine is round about it." [141] See also Eusebius, History of the Martyrs in Palestine. As the "Father of Church History," Eusebius' use of the name Palestine influenced later generations of Christian writers. [142] [143]