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The prevailing view in the 1940s and 1950s was that P availability was maximized near neutrality (soil pH 6.5–7.5), and decreased at higher and lower pH. [ 29 ] [ 30 ] Interactions of phosphorus with pH in the moderately to slightly acidic range (pH 5.5–6.5) are, however, far more complex than is suggested by this view.
Lower Soil pH Wood ash has a high pH, usually around 10 to 12, says Chelsea McKinley, plant health specialist at the U.S. Botanic Garden in Washington, D.C. Most plants prefer a soil pH of around 6.5.
Soil acidification is the buildup of hydrogen cations, which reduces the soil pH. Chemically, this happens when a proton donor gets added to the soil. The donor can be an acid , such as nitric acid , sulfuric acid , or carbonic acid .
Soil pH is a function of many soil forming factors, and is generally lower (more acidic) where weathering is more advanced. [ 43 ] Most plant nutrients, with the exception of nitrogen , originate from the minerals that make up the soil parent material.
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In the soil, the ammonium ion is released and forms a small amount of acid, lowering the pH balance of the soil, while contributing essential nitrogen for plant growth. One disadvantage to the use of ammonium sulfate is its low nitrogen content relative to ammonium nitrate, which elevates transportation costs. [2]