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Furthermore, it was predicted that a specialized DNA polymerase (originally called a tandem-DNA-polymerase) could extend telomeres in immortal tissues such as germ line, cancer cells and stem cells. It also followed from this hypothesis that organisms with circular genome, such as bacteria, do not have the end replication problem and therefore ...
As telomeres shorten as a natural consequence of repeated cell division or due to other factors, such as oxidative stress, [19] shelterin proteins lose the ability to bind to telomeric DNA. When telomeres reach a critically short length, sufficient shelterin proteins to inhibit checkpoint activation are not available, although NHEJ and HR ...
A telomere is a region of repetitive sequences at each end of the chromosomes of most eukaryotes. Telomeres protect the end of the chromosome from DNA damage or from fusion with neighbouring chromosomes.
(a) Schematic of conservative replication of DNA by break-induced telomere synthesis. (b) Four potential sources of DNA/telomere sequence that can be copied during new telomere synthesis by ALT [1] The main alternative lengthening mechanism for telomeres is a type of homologous recombination called Break-induced Telomere Synthesis (or BITS). [1]
Telomeres are regions of repetitive DNA at the end of a chromosome, which provide protection from chromosomal deterioration during DNA replication. Recent studies have shown that telomeres function to aid in its own stability.
In the 1950s, Barbara McClintock first observed DNA transposition and illustrated the functions of the centromere and telomere at the Cold Spring Harbor Symposium. [4] McClintock's work set the stage for the discovery of repeated sequences because transposition, centromere structure, and telomere structure are all possible through repetitive ...
The “spacing effect” refers to a phenomenon whereby learning, or the creation of a memory, occurs more effectively when information, or exposure to a stimulus, is spaced out.
Eukaryotic DNA replication is a conserved mechanism that restricts DNA replication to ... Telomeres extend the 3' end of the parental chromosome beyond the 5' end of ...