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Raman spectroscopy (/ ˈ r ɑː m ən /) (named after physicist C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique typically used to determine vibrational modes of molecules, although rotational and other low-frequency modes of systems may also be observed. [1] Raman spectroscopy is commonly used in chemistry to provide a structural fingerprint by which ...
Raman spectroscopy employs the Raman effect for substances analysis. The spectrum of the Raman-scattered light depends on the molecular constituents present and their state, allowing the spectrum to be used for material identification and analysis. Raman spectroscopy is used to analyze a wide range of materials, including gases, liquids, and ...
Stimulated Raman spectroscopy, also referred to as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), is a form of spectroscopy employed in physics, chemistry, biology, and other fields. . The basic mechanism resembles that of spontaneous Raman spectroscopy: a pump photon, of the angular frequency , which is scattered by a molecule has some small probability of inducing some vibrational (or rotational ...
A Raman band whose depolarization ratio is less than 0.75 is called a polarized band, and a band with a depolarization ratio equal to or greater than 0.75 is called a depolarized band. [4] [5] For a spherical top molecule in which all three axes are equivalent, symmetric vibrations have Raman spectral bands which are completely polarized (ρ = 0).
Rotational–vibrational spectroscopy is a branch of molecular spectroscopy that is concerned with infrared and Raman spectra of molecules in the gas phase. Transitions involving changes in both vibrational and rotational states can be abbreviated as rovibrational (or ro-vibrational ) transitions.
Spectral line shape or spectral line profile describes the form of an electromagnetic spectrum in the vicinity of a spectral line – a region of stronger or weaker intensity in the spectrum. Ideal line shapes include Lorentzian , Gaussian and Voigt functions, whose parameters are the line position, maximum height and half-width. [ 1 ]
Confocal Raman microscopy normally uses continuous wave lasers to provide a spontaneous Raman spectrum over a broad wavenumber range for each point in an image. It takes a long time to scan the whole sample, since each pixel requires seconds for data acquisition.