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FRAX (fracture risk assessment tool) is a diagnostic tool used to evaluate the 10-year probability of bone fracture risk. It was developed by the University of Sheffield . [ 1 ]
The trabecular bone score is a measure of bone texture correlated with bone microarchitecture and a marker for the risk of osteoporosis.Introduced in 2008, [1] its main projected use is alongside measures of bone density in better predicting fracture risk in people with metabolic bone problems.
A person's risk can be measured with the University of Sheffield's FRAX calculator—which includes many clinical risk factors, including prior fragility fracture, use of glucocorticoids, heavy smoking, excess alcohol intake, rheumatoid arthritis, history of parental hip fracture, chronic renal and liver disease, chronic respiratory disease ...
Recognized calculators include FRAX, [24] the Garvan FRC calculator and QFracture as well as the open access FREM tool. [25] The FRAX tool can also be applied in a modification adapted to routinely collected health data. [26] The term "established osteoporosis" is used when a broken bone due to osteoporosis has occurred. [27]
Originally conceived in 1988 by John W. Eaton as a companion software for an undergraduate textbook, Eaton later opted to modify it into a more flexible tool. Development began in 1992 and the alpha version was released in 1993. Subsequently, version 1.0 was released a year after that in 1994.
Medical calculators arose because modern medicine makes frequent use of scores and indices that put physicians' memory and calculation skills to the test. [2] The advent of personal computers, the Internet and Web, and more recently personal digital assistants (PDAs) have formed an environment conducive to their development, spread and use.
[37] [38] In addition to bone density (T-score), calculation of the FRAX score involves age, body characteristics, health behaviors, and other medical history. [ 39 ] As of 2014, The National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) recommends pharmaceutical treatment for osteopenic postmenopausal women and men over 50 with FRAX hip fracture probability ...
MDCalc is a free online medical reference for healthcare professionals that provides point-of-care clinical decision-support tools, including medical calculators, scoring systems, and algorithms. [1] MDCalc is also a mobile and web app. [ 2 ] The decision-support tools are based on published clinical research, [ 3 ] and MDCalc’s content is ...