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The descriptor "harmonic" in the name harmonic function originates from a point on a taut string which is undergoing harmonic motion.The solution to the differential equation for this type of motion can be written in terms of sines and cosines, functions which are thus referred to as harmonics.
Harmonic analysis is a branch of mathematics concerned with investigating the connections between a function and its representation in frequency.The frequency representation is found by using the Fourier transform for functions on unbounded domains such as the full real line or by Fourier series for functions on bounded domains, especially periodic functions on finite intervals.
In mathematics, a number of concepts employ the word harmonic. The similarity of this terminology to that of music is not accidental: the equations of motion of vibrating strings, drums and columns of air are given by formulas involving Laplacians ; the solutions to which are given by eigenvalues corresponding to their modes of vibration.
Download QR code; Print/export Download as PDF; ... be an harmonic function on ... centred at the origin and where ...
A harmonic function (green) over a disk (blue) is bounded from above by a function (red) that coincides with the harmonic function at the disk center and approaches infinity towards the disk boundary. Harnack's inequality applies to a non-negative function f defined on a closed ball in R n with radius R and centre x 0.
As another example, in n-dimensional real coordinate space without the origin (), = (+) where = + + +. which shows, for n=3 and n=5 only, is a solution to the biharmonic equation. A solution to the biharmonic equation is called a biharmonic function .
The Kelvin transform is a device used in classical potential theory to extend the concept of a harmonic function, by allowing the definition of a function which is 'harmonic at infinity'. This technique is also used in the study of subharmonic and superharmonic functions.
By this construction, the function that defines the harmonic number for complex values is the unique function that simultaneously satisfies (1) H 0 = 0, (2) H x = H x−1 + 1/x for all complex numbers x except the non-positive integers, and (3) lim m→+∞ (H m+x − H m) = 0 for all complex values x.