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Champa is famous as a Hindu civilization that dominated large parts of what is today Vietnam from the 7th century. While older historiography regarded Champa as a cohesive kingdom, newer research has revealed it as a complex of historical regions, from south to north Panduranga, Kauthara, Vijaya, Amaravati, and Indrapura.
The history of Champa begins in prehistory with the migration of the ancestors of the Cham people to mainland Southeast Asia and the founding of their Indianized maritime kingdom based in what is now central Vietnam in the early centuries AD, and ends when the final vestiges of the kingdom were annexed and absorbed by Vietnam in 1832.
Throughout history, Champa and the Cham were viewed by premodern Vietnamese literati and upper-class aristocrats as barbaric, uncivilized, and often described in disgusting senses, with several Vietnamese rulers pushed assimilationist policies and attempts to eradicate the Cham culture rather than incorporating it into Vietnamese.
The temples at Mỹ Sơn are one of the holiest of Cham sites. The first recorded religion of the Champa was a form of Shaiva Hinduism, brought by sea from India. Hinduism was the predominant religion among the Cham people until the sixteenth century. Numerous temples dedicated to Shiva were
Cham temples and heritages faced massive destruction during the Vietnam War. Intense fighting and bombing operations had leveled down magnificent Cham temples and remnants of ancient Cham cities across the old Champa to just crumbling ruins barely unrecognizable. Many thousand-years old holy sites, such as My Son A1, were lost forever.
The temple of Bhadresvara was the principle religious foundations of northern Champa (known as Campadesa, Campapura or nagara Campa in the inscriptions). Scholars have identified the temple of Bhadresvara, a local incarnation of the universal deity Shiva , with the edifice "A1" at Mỹ Sơn.
Jaya Indravarman I restored the temple of Po Nagar which previously plundered by the Khmer. 967: Ngô Nhật Khánh, a Vietnamese prince and grandson of Ngô Quyền, fled to Champa. [28] 971: An Arab named Ali Nur became the deputy king of Champa. 972: Paramesvaravarman I became king of Champa and kept a close relationship with the Song ...
Lâm Ấp (Vietnamese pronunciation of Middle Chinese 林邑 *liɪm ʔˠiɪp̚, standard Chinese: Línyì) was a kingdom located in central Vietnam that existed from around 192 AD to 629 AD in what is today central Vietnam, and was one of the earliest recorded Champa kingdoms.