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Liver function tests (LFTs or LFs), also referred to as a hepatic panel or liver panel, are groups of blood tests that provide information about the state of a patient's liver. [1] These tests include prothrombin time (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), albumin , bilirubin (direct and indirect), and others.
A number of liver function tests are available to test the proper function of the liver. These test for the presence of enzymes in blood that are normally most abundant in liver tissue, metabolites or products. serum proteins, serum albumin, serum globulin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin ...
[clarification needed] The subject's Maddrey DF score is determined by blood analysis. The modified Maddrey's discriminant function was originally described by Maddrey and Boitnott [1] to predict prognosis in alcoholic hepatitis. It is calculated by a simple formula using prothrombin time and serum bilirubin concentration: [citation needed]
The AST/ALT ratio or De Ritis ratio is the ratio between the concentrations of two enzymes, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase, aka alanine aminotransferase (ALT), in the blood of a human or animal. It is used as one of several liver function tests, and measured with a blood test.
Simple blood tests may help to determine the magnitude of the disease by assessing the degree of liver fibrosis. [28] For example, AST-to-platelets ratio index (APRI score) and several other scores, calculated from the results of blood tests, can detect the degree of liver fibrosis and predict the future formation of liver cancer. [29]
Macroscopically, the liver has a pale and spotty appearance in affected areas, as stasis of the blood causes pericentral hepatocytes (liver cells surrounding the central venule of the liver) to become deoxygenated compared to the relatively better-oxygenated periportal hepatocytes adjacent to the hepatic arterioles.
Jaundice / Hepatitis virus positivity in blood, perhaps discovered on screening blood tests; Ascites or swelling of abdomen from fluid accumulation, commonly due to liver disease but can be from other diseases like heart failure; All patients with advanced liver disease e.g. cirrhosis should be under specialist care
The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, or MELD, is a scoring system for assessing the severity of chronic liver disease.It was initially developed to predict mortality within three months of surgery in patients who had undergone a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure, [1] and was subsequently found to be useful in determining prognosis and prioritizing for receipt of ...