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Smart tourism refers to the application of information and communication technology, such similar to the smart cities, for developing innovative tools and approaches to improve tourism. [ 3 ] [ 2 ] Smart tourism is reliant on core technologies such as ICT, mobile communication, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality.
Tourism also has positive and negative health outcomes for local people. [1] The short-term negative impacts of tourism on residents' health are related to the density of tourist arrivals, the risk of disease transmission, road accidents, higher crime levels, as well as traffic congestion, crowding, and other stressful factors. [2]
Technological factors include R&D activity, automation, technology incentives and the rate of technological change. These can determine barriers to entry, minimum efficient production level and influence the outsourcing decisions. Technological shifts would also affect costs, quality, and innovation. [4]
The increase in review websites has also had a huge impact on the tourism industry. Sites such as tripadvisor.com let users read, post, and interact with reviews of travel experiences and attractions others have had. eWOM, meaning electronic word of mouth, has become a big influence in consumer’s attitudes and actions, resulting in different choices of products and planning aspects.
Biosphere Tourism is an organization that certifies industry players who are able to balance sociocultural, economic and ecological factors within a tourism destination. [ 3 ] : 384 The Tread Right Foundation ( The Travel Corporation 's not-for-profit foundation) has been recognized in 2019 by the UNWTO's annual awards for its pioneering work ...
Security in Tourism is a sub-discipline of tourist studies that explores the factors that affect the ontological security of tourists. Risks are evaluated by their impact and nature. [141] Tourism security includes methodologies, theories and techniques oriented to protect the organic image of tourist destinations. [142]
Demographic Factors: Factors such as sedentary lifestyles, obesity, and an aging population contribute to the increased incidence of joint disorders. According to the World Health Organization, about 528 million people globally lived with osteoarthritis in 2019, marking a 113% increase since 1990 .
Technological environmental factors are meanwhile of a great importance, especially for industrial companies, which underlie a fast technological change. The increasing speed of technological changes, like in microelectronics or robotics indicate risks chances for a company. Particularly producing companies are affected of that fast evolution.