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An interface in the Java programming language is an abstract type that is used to declare a behavior that classes must implement. They are similar to protocols.Interfaces are declared using the interface keyword, and may only contain method signature and constant declarations (variable declarations that are declared to be both static and final).
An Abstract Class is a class that is incomplete, or is to be considered incomplete, so cannot be instantiated. A class C has abstract methods if any of the following is true: C explicitly contains a declaration of an abstract method. Any of C's superclasses has an abstract method and C neither declares nor inherits a method that implements it.
For example, in Java, C# and PHP, the keyword abstract is used. [26] [27] In C++, an abstract class is a class having at least one abstract method given by the appropriate syntax in that language (a pure virtual function in C++ parlance). [25] A class consisting of only pure virtual methods is called a pure abstract base class (or pure ABC) in ...
Modern object-oriented languages, such as C++ and Java, support a form of abstract data types. When a class is used as a type, it is an abstract type that refers to a hidden representation. In this model, an ADT is typically implemented as a class, and each instance of the ADT is usually an object of that class.
the concept of functions or subroutines which represent a specific way of implementing control flow; the process of reorganizing common behavior from groups of non-abstract classes into abstract classes using inheritance and sub-classes, as seen in object-oriented programming languages.
In class-based object-oriented programming, abstract types are implemented as abstract classes (also known as abstract base classes), and concrete types as concrete classes. In generic programming , the analogous notion is a concept , which similarly specifies syntax and semantics, but does not require a subtype relationship: two unrelated ...
The class defines the data format or type (including member variables and their types) and available procedures (class methods or member functions) for a given type or class of object. Objects are created by calling a special type of method in the class known as a constructor. Classes may inherit from other classes, so they are arranged in a ...
In languages supporting multiple inheritance, such as C++, interfaces are implemented as abstract classes. In languages without explicit support, protocols are often still present as conventions. This is known as duck typing. For example, in Python, any class can implement an __iter__ method and be used as a collection. [3]