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Chronic liver disease (including chronic hepatitis [2]) Pregnancy; Polycythemia; Thyrotoxicosis; Rheumatoid arthritis (especially in patients with polycythaemia) [3] Eczema and psoriasis; Deep telangiectasias; Coxsackievirus A infection (Hand, foot and mouth disease) [4] Rocky Mountain spotted fever [4] Secondary syphilis [4] Kawasaki disease
Tinea nigra, also known as superficial phaeohyphomycosis and Tinea nigra palmaris et plantaris, [2] is a superficial fungal infection, a type of phaeohyphomycosis rather than a tinea, that causes usually a single 1–5 cm dark brown-black, non-scaly, flat, painless patch on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet of healthy people. [1]
The spots derive their name from the fact that they were once incorrectly believed to be caused by liver problems, but they are physiologically unrelated to the liver, save for a similar color. [6] From the age of 40, the skin is less able to regenerate from sun exposure, and liver spots are very common in this age group, particularly in those ...
Disease states associated with carotenoderma include hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, anorexia nervosa, nephrotic syndrome, and liver disease. In hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus, the underlying mechanism of hypercarotenemia is thought to be both impaired conversion of beta-carotene into retinol and the associated increased serum lipids.
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
Acanthosis nigricans is a medical sign characterised by brown-to-black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. [1] It is usually found in body folds, [ 2 ] such as the posterior and lateral folds of the neck , the armpits , groin , navel , forehead and other areas.
This is a shortened version of the twelfth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue. It covers ICD codes 680 to 709 . The full chapter can be found on pages 379 to 393 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9.
Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema, also known as palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand-foot syndrome is reddening, swelling, numbness and desquamation (skin sloughing or peeling) on palms of the hands and soles of the feet (and, occasionally, on the knees, elbows, and elsewhere) that can occur after chemotherapy in patients with cancer.