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The average contribution to the next generation by a genotype or a class of genotypes, relative to the contributions of other genotypes in the population. [38] This is also known as Darwinian fitness, selection coefficient, and other terms. 2. Absolute fitness. The absolute contribution to the next generation by a genotype or a class of genotypes.
This theory implies that adaptations are the phenotypic effects of genes to maximize their representation in future generations. [note 1] An adaptation is maintained by selection if it promotes genetic survival directly, or else some subordinate goal that ultimately contributes to successful reproduction.
The next stage of development was mineral life. Different kinds of stones developed [over the] course of [time, their] highest form being mirjan . It is a stone which has in it branches like those of a tree. After mineral life evolves vegetation. The evolution of vegetation culminates with a tree which bears the qualities of an animal.
The bones of these animals have the same basic structure, but have been adapted for specific uses. [image reference needed] Adaptation is the process that makes organisms better suited to their habitat. [150] [151] Also, the term adaptation may refer to a trait that is important for an organism's survival. For example, the adaptation of horses ...
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents.
Generation of Animals consists of five books, which are themselves split into varying numbers of chapters. Most editions of this work categorise it with Bekker numbers.In general, each book covers a range of related topics, however there is also a significant amount of overlap in the content of the books.
Genetic drift: Genetic drift [13] is a variational process, it happens as a result of the sampling errors from one generation to another generation where a random event that happens by chance in nature changes or influences allele frequency within a population. It has a much stronger effect on small populations than large ones.
[10] [11] Genetic sequence evidence thus allows inference and quantification of genetic relatedness between humans and other apes. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] The sequence of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, a vital gene encoding a part of the ribosome , was used to find the broad phylogenetic relationships between all extant life.