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Self-assembled monolayers can also be adsorbed from the vapor phase. [8] [24] In some cases when obtaining an ordered assembly is difficult or when different density phases need to be obtained substitutional self-assembly is used. Here one first forms the SAM of a given type of molecules, which give rise to ordered assembly and then a second ...
Directed self-assembly (DSA) is a type of directed assembly which utilizes block co-polymer morphology to create lines, space and hole patterns, facilitating for a more accurate control of the feature shapes. Then it uses surface interactions as well as polymer thermodynamics to finalize the formation of the final pattern shapes. [1]
The top-down approach is breaking down of a system into small components, while bottom-up is assembling sub-systems into larger system. [15] A bottom-up approach for nano-assembly is a primary research target for nano-fabrication because top down synthesis is expensive (requiring external work) and is not selective on very small length scales, but is currently the primary mode of industrial ...
Molecular self-assembly is a key concept in supramolecular chemistry. [6] [7] [8] This is because assembly of molecules in such systems is directed through non-covalent interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding, metal coordination, hydrophobic forces, van der Waals forces, pi-stacking interactions, and/or electrostatic) as well as electromagnetic interactions.
Examples of self-assembly at gas-liquid interfaces include breath-figures, self-assembled monolayers, droplet clusters, and Langmuir–Blodgett films, while crystallization of fullerene whiskers is an example of macroscopic self-assembly in between two liquids.
Unbounding the Future: the Nanotechnology Revolution [1] and . Unbounding the Future is an easy-to-read book that introduces the ideas of molecular nanotechnology in a not-too-technical way. Other notable works in the same vein are Nanomedicine Vol. I and Vol. IIA by Robert Freitas and Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines "KSRM Table of Contents ...
There are several ways proposed today to make nanosensors; these include top-down lithography, bottom-up assembly, and molecular self-assembly. [1] There are different types of nanosensors in the market and in development for various applications, most notably in defense, environmental, and healthcare industries.
Carbon nanotubes are difficult to position accurately on a substrate, but in 2012 IBM researchers discovered that carbon nanotubes could be made to chemically self-assemble themselves into patterned arrays in which the nanotubes stick in some areas of the surface while leaving other areas untouched.