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Like the other parts of the paragraph 2, computer programs are open to patenting to the extent that they provide a technical contribution to the prior art.In the case of computer programs and according to the case law of the Boards of Appeal, a technical contribution typically means a further technical effect that goes beyond the normal physical interaction between the program and the computer.
On 20 February 2002, the European Commission initiated a proposal [1] for a directive to codify and "harmonise" the different EU national patent laws and cement the practice of the European Patent Office of granting patents for computer-implemented inventions provided they meet certain criteria (cf. software patents under the European Patent Convention).
The Measuring Instruments Directive 2014/32/EU, formerly 2004/22/EC, is a directive by the European Union, which seeks to harmonise many aspects of legal metrology across all member states of the EU. [1] Its most prominent tenet is that all kinds of meters which receive a MID approval may be used in all countries across the EU.
RRI involves holding research to high ethical standards, ensuring gender equality in the scientific community, investing policy-makers with the responsibility to avoid harmful effects of innovation, engaging the communities affected by innovation and ensuring that they have the knowledge necessary to understand the implications by furthering ...
The single submission process for approval to conduct research in all EU member states is facilitated by the Clinical Trials Information System (CTIS). [3] CTIS is an online portal which enables interactions between clinical trial sponsors (that is, the organization responsible for the conduct of the clinical trial), and the regulatory ...
The ethics committee, according to Directive 2001/20/EC, is an independent body in a member state of the European Union, consisting of healthcare professionals and non-medical members, whose responsibility is to protect the rights, safety and well-being of human subjects involved in a clinical trial and to provide public assurance of that protection, by, among other things, expressing an ...
ADR received the first patent issued for a computer program, a sorting system, on April 23, 1968. [6] The program was developed by Martin Goetz. [7] In this effort, ADR enlisted support of the Association of Data Processing Service Organizations (ADAPSO), which argued that being able to patent software innovations was vital to smaller companies being able to succeed in the market against ...
The Directive on public access to environmental information (2003/4/EC) is a European Union directive with the formal title "Directive 2003/4/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2003 on public access to environmental information and repealing Council Directive 90/313/EEC". [1] [2]