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  2. Airspace class (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace_class_(United_States)

    Class C airspace is denoted by a heavy magenta border. Each distinct segment of class C airspace contains figures indicating the upper and lower altitude limits of that segment in units of one hundred feet, shown as a fraction, e.g., 100 over 40 indicates a ceiling of 10,000 feet (3,000 m) MSL and a floor of 4,000 feet (1,200 m) MSL.

  3. Aeronautical chart conventions (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronautical_chart...

    A sectional chart is a two-sided chart created from a Lambert Conformal Conic Projection [1] with two defined standard parallels. The scale is 1:500,000, with a contour interval of 500 feet. The size of each sectional is designed to be "arm's width" when completely unfolded.

  4. Airspace class - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace_class

    It also overlays Class D airspace at smaller airports. Class D is used for the Terminal Control Zones of medium-sized airports, extending from the surface up to 2,500 feet (760 m) AGL (depicted in MSL on a chart). Above this, Class C airspace is used, although generally only in a sector, and not 360° around the airport.

  5. Terminal control area - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_control_area

    In Canada, the TCA is normally designated as class B, C or D. [5] In the U.S., the airspace of a TCA is typically designated as class B. In the U.K., the airspace of a TMA is usually designated as class A, D or E. In Australia and New Zealand, "terminal airspace" is not used both in common vernacular or publication and legislation. However, the ...

  6. Airspace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace

    Class A airspace is generally the airspace from 18,000 feet (~3.4 miles, 5.5 km) mean sea level (MSL) up to and including flight level (FL) 600 (~11.4 miles, 18.3 km), including the airspace overlying the waters within 12 nautical miles (NM) (~13.8 miles, 22.2 km) of the coast of the 48 contiguous states and Alaska. Unless otherwise authorized ...

  7. Aeronautical chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronautical_chart

    An aeronautical chart is a map designed to assist in the navigation of aircraft, much as nautical charts do for watercraft, or a roadmap does for drivers. Using these charts and other tools, pilots are able to determine their position, safe altitude, best route to a destination, navigation aids along the way, alternative landing areas in case of an in-flight emergency, and other useful ...

  8. Separation (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_(aeronautics)

    Separation can also apply to terrain, obstacles, and controlled airspace, wherein an aircraft must stay at a minimum distance from a block of airspace; as an example, all aircraft must be approved by the controller who "owns" the airspace before the aircraft is approved to enter that sector. Separation at cruising altitude (aircraft passing below).

  9. National Airspace System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Airspace_System

    Class E airspace is the airspace that lies between Classes A, B, C, and D. Class E extends from either the surface or the roof of the underlying airspace and ends at the floor of the controlled airspace above. Class E exists for those planes transitioning from the terminal to en route state. It also exists as an area for instrument pilots to ...