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  2. Electron acceptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_acceptor

    The electron accepting power of an electron acceptor is measured by its redox potential. [2] In the simplest case, electron acceptors are reduced by one electron. The process can alter the structure of the acceptor substantially. When the added electron is highly delocalized, the structural consequences of the reduction can be subtle.

  3. Lewis acids and bases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_acids_and_bases

    Nevertheless, Lewis suggested that an electron-pair donor be classified as a base and an electron-pair acceptor be classified as acid. A more modern definition of a Lewis acid is an atomic or molecular species with a localized empty atomic or molecular orbital of low energy.

  4. Oxidizing agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidizing_agent

    The international pictogram for oxidizing chemicals. Dangerous goods label for oxidizing agents. An oxidizing agent (also known as an oxidant, oxidizer, electron recipient, or electron acceptor) is a substance in a redox chemical reaction that gains or "accepts"/"receives" an electron from a reducing agent (called the reductant, reducer, or electron donor).

  5. Electron transport chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_transport_chain

    The electron transport chain comprises an enzymatic series of electron donors and acceptors. Each electron donor will pass electrons to an acceptor of higher redox potential, which in turn donates these electrons to another acceptor, a process that continues down the series until electrons are passed to oxygen, the terminal electron acceptor in ...

  6. Reducing agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reducing_agent

    It donates an electron, becoming oxidized to ferricyanide ([Fe(CN) 6] 3−). Simultaneously, that electron is received by the oxidizer chlorine (Cl 2), which is reduced to chloride (Cl −). Strong reducing agents easily lose (or donate) electrons. An atom with a relatively large atomic radius tends to be a better reductant.

  7. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissimilatory_nitrate...

    [1] [2] In anaerobic conditions microbes which undertake DNRA oxidise organic matter and use nitrate (rather than oxygen) as an electron acceptor, reducing it to nitrite, and then to ammonium (NO 3 − → NO 2 − → NH 4 +). [1] Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium is more common in prokaryotes but may also occur in eukaryotic ...

  8. Electron donor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_donor

    The electron donating power of a donor molecule is measured by its ionization potential, which is the energy required to remove an electron from the highest occupied molecular orbital . The overall energy balance (ΔE), i.e., energy gained or lost, in an electron donor-acceptor transfer is determined by the difference between the acceptor's ...

  9. Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brønsted–Lowry_acid...

    [15] In Lewis theory an acid, A, and a base, B, form an adduct, AB, where the electron pair forms a dative covalent bond between A and B. This is shown when the adduct H 3 N−BF 3 forms from ammonia and boron trifluoride, a reaction that cannot occur in water because boron trifluoride hydrolizes in water. [16]