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SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known as SHA-256 and SHA-512. They differ in the word size; SHA-256 uses 32-bit words where SHA-512 uses 64-bit words. There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA.
up to 512 bits HAIFA structure [17] BLAKE2X: arbitrary HAIFA structure, [17] extendable-output functions (XOFs) design [18] BLAKE3: arbitrary Merkle tree: ECOH: 224 to 512 bits hash FSB: 160 to 512 bits hash GOST: 256 bits hash Grøstl: up to 512 bits hash HAS-160: 160 bits hash HAVAL: 128 to 256 bits hash JH: 224 to 512 bits hash LSH [19] 256 ...
512 64 32 3 MD5: 128 128 512 64 32 64 PANAMA: 256 8736 256 – 32 – RadioGatún: Unlimited [note 6] 58 words 19 words [note 7] – 1–64 [note 8] 18 [note 9] RIPEMD: 128 128 512 64 32 48 RIPEMD-128, -256: 128/256 128/256 512 64 32 64 RIPEMD-160: 160 160 512 64 32 80 RIPEMD-320: 320 320 512 64 32 80 SHA-0: 160 160 512 64 32 80 SHA-1: 160 160 ...
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
SHA-256 hash function. Smart contracts use 256- or 257-bit integers; 256-bit words for the Ethereum Virtual Machine. "We realize that a 257 bits byte is quite unusual, but for smart contracts it is ok to have at least 256 bits numbers. The leading VM for smart contracts, Ethereum VM, introduced this practice and other blockchain VMs followed." [8]
Algorithm and variant Output size (bits) Internal state size (bits) Block size (bits) Rounds Operations Security against collision attacks (bits) Security against length extension attacks
SHA-1 – developed at NSA 160-bit digest, an FIPS standard; the first released version was defective and replaced by this; NIST/NSA have released several variants with longer 'digest' lengths; CRYPTREC recommendation (limited) SHA-256 – NESSIE selection hash function, FIPS 180-2, 256-bit digest; CRYPTREC recommendation
Use SHA-384 or SHA-512 for all classification levels. Leighton-Micali Signature (LMS) Asymmetric algorithm for digitally signing firmware and software NIST SP 800-208: All parameters approved for all classification levels. SHA256/192 recommended. Xtended Merkle Signature Scheme (XMSS) Asymmetric algorithm for digitally signing firmware and software