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A thoracostomy is a small incision of the chest wall, [1] with maintenance of the opening for drainage. [2] It is most commonly used for the treatment of a pneumothorax.This is performed by physicians, paramedics, and nurses usually via needle thoracostomy or an incision into the chest wall with the insertion of a thoracostomy tube (chest tube) or with a hemostat and the provider's finger ...
Thoracentesis / ˌ θ ɔː r ə s ɪ n ˈ t iː s ɪ s /, also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek θώραξ (thōrax, GEN thōrakos) 'chest, thorax' and κέντησις (kentēsis) 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term), is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic ...
Tension pneumothorax is usually treated with urgent needle decompression. This may be required before transport to the hospital, and can be performed by an emergency medical technician or other trained professional. [16] [41] The needle or cannula is left in place until a chest tube can be inserted.
Treatment of the underlying condition can quickly resolve the shock. For tension pneumothorax, needle decompression should be done immediately. A chest tube is also inserted. [3] [8] Cardiac tamponade is treated through needle or surgical decompression. [3] Needle pericardiocentesis can be done at the bedside. This is often the preferred therapy.
The needle was introduced as a safer technique to give patients such pneumothoraces. It was not until 1938, when he published his invention in the German literature, that the needle became more broadly known outside of Hungary. [4] Raoul Palmer introduced the use of the Veress needle in laparoscopy to establish a pneumoperitoneum. [5]
Commonly used after Percutaneous CT-Guided Lung Biopsies: Saji H, Nakamura H, Tsuchida T, Tsuboi M, Kawate N, Konaka C, Kato H (May 2002). "The incidence and the risk of pneumothorax and chest tube placement after percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsy: the angle of the needle trajectory is a novel predictor". Chest. 121 (5): 1521– 1526.
Initial treatment may include needle decompression: Definitive treatment for most patients will include tube thoracostomy: Hemothorax Relieve pressure within the chest cavity Management requires tube thoracostomy: Cardiac tamponade Relieve pressure within the pericardium: Initial treatment may require pericardiocentesis. This procedure may be ...
A pneumothorax is commonly treated with needle aspiration of air followed by chest tube drainage. In the case of a recurrent pneumothorax, pleurodesis may be used to prevent further air accumulation.