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The Province of Ontario has 51 first-level administrative divisions, which collectively cover the whole province. With two exceptions, [a] their areas match the 49 census divisions Statistics Canada has for Ontario. The Province has four types of first-level division: single-tier municipalities, regional municipalities, counties, and districts.
The Municipal Act of the Canadian province of Ontario [1] is the main statute governing the creation, administration and government of municipalities in Ontario, other than the City of Toronto. After being passed in 2001, it came into force on 1 January 2003, replacing the previous Municipal Act, 1990. [2] It has since been amended.
Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a township was a type of local municipality. [4] Under this former legislation, a locality with a population of 1,000 or more could have been incorporated as a township by Ontario's Municipal Board upon review of an application from 75 or more residents of the locality. [4]
Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a town was both an urban and a local municipality. [5] Under this former legislation, a locality with a population of 2,000 or more could have been incorporated as a town by Ontario's Municipal Board upon review of an application from 75 or more residents of the locality. [5]
Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a village was both an urban and a local municipality. [3] Under this former legislation, a locality with a population of 500 or more could have been incorporated as a village by Ontario's Municipal Board upon review of an application from 75 or more residents of the locality.
In the transition to the Municipal Act, 2001, conventional municipal statuses and their associated population threshold requirements were abandoned. On December 31, 2002, every city that: [6] "existed and formed part of a county, a regional or district municipality or the County of Oxford for municipal purposes" became a lower-tier municipality ...
MPAC, formerly known as OPAC (Ontario Property Assessment Corporation), was created on December 31, 1997, as a method to create accurate and equitable assessments across Ontario. MPAC came into existence with the MPAC Act, and it administers the Assessment Act, both part of Ontario provincial legislation.
The Municipalities Act allows municipalities within Saskatchewan to conduct their own censuses. [9] The City of Lloydminster, which straddles Saskatchewan's provincial boundary with Alberta, conducted municipal censuses in 2005, 2007, 2009 and 2013. [10]