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Bricks made without straw would break and crumble easily. Adobe bricks used around the world are generally only sun dried but grasses, straw and other materials are added to the clay for the same basic reasons. [3] The ancient brick-making process can still be seen on Egyptian tomb paintings and models.
As building materials, they used bones such as mammoth ribs, hide, stone, metal, bark, bamboo, and animal dung. Pre-historic men also used bricks and lime plaster as building materials. [7] For example, mud bricks and clay mortar dated to 9000 BC were found in Jericho. These mudbricks were formed with the hands rather than wooden moulds and ...
[7] [8] Harappan civilisation is sometimes called Mature Harappan to distinguish it from the earlier cultures. The cities of the ancient Indus were noted for their urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, clusters of large non-residential buildings, and techniques of handicraft and metallurgy.
Choqa Zanbil, a 13th-century BCE ziggurat in Iran, is similarly constructed from clay bricks combined with burnt bricks. [ 1 ] Mudbrick or mud-brick , also known as unfired brick, is an air-dried brick , made of a mixture of mud (containing loam , clay , sand and water ) mixed with a binding material such as rice husks or straw .
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Water management was highly developed by the Harappan civilization. [8] Large scale water works, such as drainage systems, could be covered to cure blockages. Dams were also constructed that controlled water inlets. [8] The Lothal Dock Yard is away from the main current to avoid deposition of silt. There is a wood lock gate system to avoid ...
The clay bricks are trapezoidal in shape, with one end smaller than the other. The bricks are arranged in circles pointing inward. The smaller ends form the inside walls. [3] In the settlement of Lothal a brick-lined building on an elevated mound included a well lined with baked bricks, a bathing facility and a drain. [5]
Its lack of porosity makes it suitable for capping brick walls, and its hard-wearing properties make it ideal for steps and pathways. It is also used as a general facing brick for decorative reasons. Staffordshire blue bricks have traditionally been "Class A" with a water absorption of less than 4.5%. [citation needed] [4]