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Hence, atmospheric tides are eigenoscillations of Earth's atmosphere with eigenfunctions, called Hough functions, and eigenvalues. The latter define the equivalent depth h n {\displaystyle h_{n}} which couples the latitudinal structure of the tides with their vertical structure.
Atmospheric tides are negligible at ground level and aviation altitudes, masked by weather's much more important effects. Atmospheric tides are both gravitational and thermal in origin and are the dominant dynamics from about 80 to 120 kilometres (50 to 75 mi), above which the molecular density becomes too low to support fluid behavior.
Atmospheric waves, associated with a small dust storm of north western Africa on 23 September 2011. An atmospheric wave is a periodic disturbance in the fields of atmospheric variables (like surface pressure or geopotential height , temperature , or wind velocity ) which may either propagate ( traveling wave ) or be stationary ( standing wave ).
The town of Palm Beach alerted residents Monday that the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration is predicting extreme high tides to peak 2½ to 3 feet above the average lowest tide ...
The dates of spring tides and neap tides, approximately seven days apart, can be determined by the heights of the tides on the classic tide tables: a small range indicates neaps and large indicates springs. This cycle of tides is linked to the phases of the moon, with the highest tides (spring tides) occurring near full moon and new moon.
The fifty coastal locations with the largest ranges worldwide are listed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States. [4] Some of the smallest tidal ranges occur in the Mediterranean, Baltic, and Caribbean Seas. A point within a tidal system where the tidal range is almost zero is called an amphidromic point.
Mean lower low water (MLLW) is the average height of the lowest tide recorded at a tide station each day during a 19-year recording period, known as the National Tidal Datum Epoch as used by the United States' National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [9]
Body tides also exist in other astronomical objects, such as planets and moons. In Earth's moon, body tides "vary by about ±0.1 m each month." [11] It plays a key role in long-term dynamics of planetary systems. For example, it is due to body tides in the Moon that it is captured into the 1:1 spin-orbit resonance and is always showing us one side.