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  2. Round-off error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round-off_error

    Round-by-chop: The base-expansion of is truncated after the ()-th digit. This rounding rule is biased because it always moves the result toward zero. Round-to-nearest: () is set to the nearest floating-point number to . When there is a tie, the floating-point number whose last stored digit is even (also, the last digit, in binary form, is equal ...

  3. Rounding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding

    In floating-point arithmetic, rounding aims to turn a given value x into a value y with a specified number of significant digits. In other words, y should be a multiple of a number m that depends on the magnitude of x. The number m is a power of the base (usually 2 or 10) of the floating-point representation.

  4. Interval arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_arithmetic

    The main objective of interval arithmetic is to provide a simple way of calculating upper and lower bounds of a function's range in one or more variables. These endpoints are not necessarily the true supremum or infimum of a range since the precise calculation of those values can be difficult or impossible; the bounds only need to contain the function's range as a subset.

  5. Machine epsilon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_epsilon

    This alternative definition is significantly more widespread: machine epsilon is the difference between 1 and the next larger floating point number.This definition is used in language constants in Ada, C, C++, Fortran, MATLAB, Mathematica, Octave, Pascal, Python and Rust etc., and defined in textbooks like «Numerical Recipes» by Press et al.

  6. IEEE 754 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_754

    Round to nearest, ties to even – rounds to the nearest value; if the number falls midway, it is rounded to the nearest value with an even least significant digit. Round to nearest, ties away from zero (or ties to away ) – rounds to the nearest value; if the number falls midway, it is rounded to the nearest value above (for positive numbers ...

  7. Significant figures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Significant_figures

    With this method, 1.25 is rounded down to 1.2. If this method applies to 1.35, then it is rounded up to 1.4. This is the method preferred by many scientific disciplines, because, for example, it avoids skewing the average value of a long list of values upwards. For an integer in rounding, replace the digits after the n digit with zeros. For ...

  8. Gen Z workers think showing up 10 minutes late to work is as ...

    www.aol.com/finance/gen-z-workers-think-showing...

    No wonder bosses say Gen Z are hard to manage: While 70% of Boomers have zero tolerance for any level of tardiness, in Gen Z's eyes, 10 minutes late is right on time.

  9. Z-order curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-order_curve

    Interleaving the binary coordinate values (starting to the right with the x-bit (in blue) and alternating to the left with the y-bit (in red)) yields the binary z-values (tilted by 45° as shown). Connecting the z-values in their numerical order produces the recursively Z-shaped curve. Two-dimensional Z-values are also known as quadkey values.