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Given: 0.5-year spot rate, Z1 = 4%, and 1-year spot rate, Z2 = 4.3% (we can get these rates from T-Bills which are zero-coupon); and the par rate on a 1.5-year semi-annual coupon bond, R3 = 4.5%. We then use these rates to calculate the 1.5 year spot rate. We solve the 1.5 year spot rate, Z3, by the formula below:
Volatility and interest rate risk: Without regular interest payments to cushion price fluctuations, zero-coupon bonds are more volatile than short-term bonds. In general, the current value of any ...
Zero coupon bonds have a duration equal to the bond's time to maturity, which makes them sensitive to any changes in the interest rates. Investment banks or dealers may separate coupons from the principal of coupon bonds, which is known as the residue, so that different investors may receive the principal and each of the coupon payments.
To extract the forward rate, we need the zero-coupon yield curve.. We are trying to find the future interest rate , for time period (,), and expressed in years, given the rate for time period (,) and rate for time period (,).
For example, if a zero-coupon bond with a $20,000 face value and a 20-year term pays 5.5% interest, the interest rate is knocked off the purchase price and the bond might sell for $7,000.
When a coupon-bearing bond sells at; a discount: YTM > current yield > coupon yield; a premium: coupon yield > current yield > YTM; par: YTM = current yield = coupon yield. For zero-coupon bonds selling at a discount, the coupon yield and current yield are zero, and the YTM is positive.
The yield will match the coupon rate when a bond is issued and sold at par value. However, if an investor pays less than the par value, their return would be more significant since the coupon ...
The Z-spread of a bond is the number of basis points (bp, or 0.01%) that one needs to add to the Treasury yield curve (or technically to Treasury forward rates) so that the Net present value of the bond cash flows (using the adjusted yield curve) equals the market price of the bond (including accrued interest).