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The Aztec or Mexica calendar is the calendrical system used by the Aztecs as well as ... The actual Aztec calendar consists of a 365-day calendar cycle called ...
The tōnalpōhualli (Nahuatl pronunciation: [toːnaɬpoːˈwalːi]), meaning "count of days" in Nahuatl, is a Mexica version of the 260-day calendar in use in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. This calendar is solar and consists of 20 13-day periods. Each trecena is ruled by a different deity. Graphic representations for the twenty day names have ...
The xiuhpōhualli calendar (in history known as the "vague year" which means no leap day) had its antecedents in form and function in earlier Mesoamerican calendars, and the 365-day count has a long history of use throughout the region. The Maya civilization version of the xiuhpōhualli is known as the haab', and 20-days period was the uinal.
In the post-classic Aztec calendar, there were 13 Lords of the Day. These were gods (and goddesses) who each represented one of the 13 days in the trecenas of the 260-day calendar. The same god always represented the same day. Quetzalcohuatl (The feathered serpent), for example, always accompanied the 9th day. [citation needed]
The 13 days were not considered unlucky, but they were not labeled using the count (numbers and symbol) combinations used for the rest of the Aztec calendar, as they have their own unique count. [4] A notable Indigenous leader born in the Nemontemi, was the Cuauhtemoctzin, one of the last tlahtoani of Mexico-Tenochtitlan.
The calendar round was the combination of the 260-day ritual calendar and the 365-day annual calendar. The New Fire Ceremony was part of the “Binding of the Years” tradition among the Aztecs. [1] [2] The Binding of the Years occurred every 52 years, or every 18,980 days as a part of the combination of the two calendars.
The combination of a Haabʼ and a Tzolkʼin date identifies a day in a combination which does not occur again for 18,980 days (52 Haabʼ cycles of 365 days equals 73 Tzolkʼin cycles of 260 days, approximately 52 years), a period known as the Calendar Round. To identify days over periods longer than this, Mesoamericans used the Long Count calendar.
The Aztec Calendar Stone. Getty Publications, Los Angeles. 2010. Getty Publications, Los Angeles. 2010. (This is an anthology of significant sources about the Sun Stone, from its discovery to the present day, many presented in English for the first time.)