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The strange situation is a procedure devised by Mary Ainsworth in the 1970s to observe attachment in children, that is relationships between a caregiver and child.It applies to children between the age of 9 to 30 months.
She designed the strange situation procedure to observe early emotional attachment between a child and their primary caregiver. A 2002 Review of General Psychology survey ranked Ainsworth as the 97th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. [2] Many of Ainsworth's studies are "cornerstones" of modern-day attachment theory. [3] [4]
The PAA is a version of Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure (SSP), adapted to 2–5-year-old children. It assesses the child's self-protective strategies used with the adult involved in the assessment. [57] It also uses a video recorded 8-segment process over a structured 21–23 minute adult-child interaction.
Ainsworth's student Mary Main theorized that avoidant behaviour in the Strange Situation Procedure should be regarded as "a conditional strategy, which paradoxically permits whatever proximity is possible under conditions of maternal rejection" by de-emphasising attachment needs. [61]
Attachment models are typically generated from the schools of developmental science or social psychology, although both emanate from the Bowlby-Ainsworth framework. [2] Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure was the first formal attachment assessment, and is still in wide use. Each school, while having the same foundation, may be studying ...
Recognized assessment methods of attachment styles, difficulties or disorders include the Strange Situation Procedure (devised by developmental psychologist Mary Ainsworth), [13] [14] [15] the separation and reunion procedure and the Preschool Assessment of Attachment, [16] the Observational Record of the Caregiving Environment, [17] the ...
The Strange Situation Protocol is a research, not a diagnostic, tool and the resulting attachment classifications are not 'clinical diagnoses.' While the procedure may be used to supplement clinical impressions, the resulting classifications should not be confused with the clinically diagnosed 'Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD).' The clinical ...
Recognised assessment methods of attachment styles, difficulties or disorders include the Strange Situation procedure (Mary Ainsworth), [25] [26] [27] the separation and reunion procedure and the Preschool Assessment of Attachment ("PAA"), [28] the Observational Record of the Caregiving Environment ("ORCE") [29] and the Attachment Q-sort ("AQ ...