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Frontal bossing is the development of an unusually pronounced forehead which may also be associated with a heavier than normal brow ridge. It is caused by enlargement of the frontal bone , often in conjunction with abnormal enlargement of other facial bones , skull , mandible , and bones of the hands and feet.
Parrot's sign (19th century), refers to at least two medical signs; one relating to a large skull and another to a pupil reaction. [1]One Parrot's sign describes the bony growth noted at autopsy by Joseph-Marie-Jules Parrot [] and Jonathan Hutchinson on the skulls of children with congenital syphilis (CS) in the 19th century.
However, if diagnosis of congenital syphilis is delayed until Hutchinson’s triad is noted–among other signs and symptoms, such as nasal cartilage destruction (saddle nose), frontal bossing, joint swelling (Clutton joints), tibial thickening (Saber shins), hard palate defect–the damage is irreversible. [4]
Kagami-Ogata syndrome is a rare genetic disease that is caused by mutations on Maternal chromosome 14 or by paternal UPD(14). [1] The main signs of this disease are: polyhydramnios, narrow bell-shaped thorax, coat-hanger-like ribs, abdominal wall defect, enlarged placenta. [2]
Compensatory growth occurs forward at the coronal suture and backward at the lambdoid suture giving respectively a prominent forehead, called frontal bossing, and a prominent back portion of the head, called coning. [10] [11] This is the most common form of craniosynostosis. [13]
Frontal release signs are primitive reflexes traditionally held to be a sign of disorders that affect the frontal lobes. The appearance of such signs reflects the area of brain dysfunction rather than a specific disorder which may be diffuse, such as a dementia, or localised, such as a tumor.
The disease was first described by Maroteaux and Lamy in 1962 [4] [5] at which time it was defined by the following characteristics: dwarfism; osteopetrosis; partial agenesis of the terminal digits of the hands and feet; cranial anomalies, such as persistence of fontanelles and failure of closure of cranial sutures; frontal and occipital bossing; and hypoplasia of the angle of the mandible. [6]
Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis is a type of chronic osteomyelitis also called periostitis ossificans and Garré's sclerosing osteomyelitis. It is a rare disease. [1] It mainly affects children and young adults. [2] It is associated with a low grade infection, which may be due to dental caries (cavities in the teeth). [citation needed]