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The Christianization of Scandinavia, as well as other Nordic countries and the Baltic countries, took place between the 8th and the 12th centuries. The realms of Denmark , Norway and Sweden established their own archdioceses , responsible directly to the pope , in 1104, 1154 and 1164, respectively.
A good example for this are several Thor's Hammers with engraved crosses, worn as amulets, that archaeologists have found in Scandinavia. [27] Another exemplary event happened during Ansgar 's second stay in Birka , when a pagan priest demanded from the locals that they not participate in the cult of the foreign Christian God.
Scandinavia was formally Christianized by 1100 AD. The period 1050 to 1350—when the Black Death struck Europe—is considered the Older Middle Ages. The Kalmar Union between the Scandinavian countries was established in 1397 and lasted until King Gustav Vasa ended it upon seizing power during the Swedish War of Liberation, which concluded in ...
The archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen were responsible for the missions in Scandinavia. [32] Olaf Haraldsson's half-brother, Harald Hardrada , [ 33 ] who was king of Norway from 1046 to 1066, preferred bishops ordained in England or France, but Pope Leo IX confirmed the jurisdiction of the German archbishops in Norway in 1053. [ 34 ]
Denmark in the 10th century. The official conversion occurred during the reign of King Harald Bluetooth, who mounted the throne around 958. [17] According to the contemporaneous Widukind of Corvey, a priest named Poppo convinced him to accept that "there is only one true God" and the pagan deities were "in truth demons" by carrying a large piece of glowing hot iron in his hand without damaging ...
Scandinavia is a subregion of Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. Scandinavia most commonly refers to Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. It can sometimes also refer to the Scandinavian Peninsula (which excludes Denmark but includes a part of northern Finland).
Front page of the first complete Swedish translation of the Bible in 1541, known as the Gustav Vasa Bible. The Reformation in Sweden is generally regarded as having begun in 1527 during the reign of King Gustav I of Sweden, but the process was slow and was not definitively decided until the Uppsala Synod of 1593, in the wake of an attempted Counter-Reformation during the reign of John III ...
During the Reformation, the territories ruled by the Danish-based House of Oldenburg converted from Catholicism to Lutheranism.After the break-up of the Kalmar Union in 1521/1523, these realms included the kingdoms of Denmark (with the former east Danish provinces in Skåneland) and Norway (with Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands) and the Duchies of Schleswig (a Danish fief) and Holstein ...