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Microcytosis or microcythemia [1] is a condition in which red blood cells are unusually small as measured by their mean corpuscular volume. [ 2 ] When associated with anemia , it is known as microcytic anemia .
Microcytic anaemia; Microcytosis is the presence of red cells that are smaller than normal. Normal adult red cell has a diameter of 7.2 µm. Microcytes are common seen in with hypochromia in iron-deficiency anaemia, thalassaemia trait, congenital sideroblastic anaemia and sometimes in anaemia of chronic diseases.
Anisopoikilocytosis is a medical condition illustrated by a variance in size (anisocytosis) and shape (poikilocytosis) of a red blood cell.The underlying cause can be attributed to various anemias, most often; beta thalassemia major, a form of microcytic anemia. [1]
Anisocytosis is a medical term meaning that a patient's red blood cells are of unequal size. This is commonly found in anemia and other blood conditions. False diagnostic flagging may be triggered on a complete blood count by an elevated WBC count, agglutinated RBCs, RBC fragments, giant platelets or platelet clumps due to anisocytosis.
Blood smear showing red blood cells with basophilic stippling. Basophilic stippling, also known as punctate basophilia, is the presence of numerous basophilic granules that are dispersed through the cytoplasm of erythrocytes in a peripheral blood smear.
Poikilocytosis is variation in the shapes of red blood cells.Poikilocytes may be oval, teardrop-shaped, sickle-shaped or irregularly contracted. Normal red blood cells are round, flattened disks that are thinner in the middle
Hemoglobin C (abbreviated as HbC) is an abnormal hemoglobin in which glutamic acid residue at the 6th position of the β-globin chain is replaced with a lysine residue due to a point mutation in the HBB gene. [1]
Pappenheimer bodies are visible with a Wright and/or Giemsa stain. Confirmation of non-heme iron in the granules is made with a Perls' Prussian blue stain, and this atypical red blood cell is then known as a siderocyte. [5]