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Microcytosis or microcythemia [1] is a condition in which red blood cells are unusually small as measured by their mean corpuscular volume. [ 2 ] When associated with anemia , it is known as microcytic anemia .
Nearly half of all anemia cases are due to iron deficiency as it is the most common nutritional disorder. [4] Although it is a common nutritional disorder, most causes of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) are due to blood loss. [4] It occurs most commonly among children and females who are menstruating but can happen to any individual of any age. [3]
β thalassemia major (Mediterranean anemia or Cooley anemia) is caused by a β o /β o genotype. No functional β chains are produced, and thus no hemoglobin A can be assembled. This is the most severe form of β-thalassemia. β thalassemia intermedia is caused by a β + /β o or β + /β + genotype. In this form, some hemoglobin A is produced.
Affected individuals can often manage a normal life but may need occasional transfusions, e.g., at times of illness or pregnancy, depending on the severity of their anemia. [16] β + /β + β o /β + Thalassemia major: Mediterranean anemia; Cooley anemia Homozygous form: Occurs when both alleles have thalassemia mutations. This is a severe ...
Latent iron deficiency (LID), also called iron-deficient erythropoiesis, [1] is a medical condition in which there is evidence of iron deficiency without anemia (normal hemoglobin level). [2] It is important to assess this condition because individuals with latent iron deficiency may develop iron-deficiency anemia.
Hypochromic anemia is a generic term for any type of anemia in which the red blood cells are paler than normal. ( Hypo - refers to less , and chromic means colour .) A normal red blood cell has a biconcave disk shape and will have an area of pallor in its center when viewed microscopically.
Anisocytosis is a medical term meaning that a patient's red blood cells are of unequal size. This is commonly found in anemia and other blood conditions. False diagnostic flagging may be triggered on a complete blood count by an elevated WBC count, agglutinated RBCs, RBC fragments, giant platelets or platelet clumps due to anisocytosis.
The anemia in hemoglobin C disease is classified as hemolytic, because it is caused by the destruction of red blood cells. An enlarged spleen , and sometimes jaundice, may also occur. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Some persons with this disease may develop gallstones that require treatment. [ 5 ]