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Hegemony (/ h ɛ ˈ dʒ ɛ m ən i / ⓘ, UK also / h ɪ ˈ ɡ ɛ m ən i /, US also / ˈ h ɛ dʒ ə m oʊ n i /) is the political, economic, and military predominance of one state over other states, either regional or global. [1] [2] [3] In Ancient Greece (ca. 8th BC – AD 6th c.), hegemony denoted the politico-military dominance of the ...
"Hegemony" was conceptualized by Karl Marx and Antonio Gramsci, a Marxist social philosopher who lived in Mussolini's Italy. Because Gramsci was a Marxist, he subscribed to the basic Marxist premise of the dialectic and therefore the contradiction. In his writings Gramsci claims that intellectuals create both hegemony and counter-hegemony.
In Marxist philosophy, cultural hegemony is the dominance of a culturally diverse society by the ruling class who shape the culture of that society—the beliefs and explanations, perceptions, values, and mores—so that the worldview of the ruling class becomes the accepted cultural norm. [1]
Cultural imperialism often uses wealth, media power and violence to implement the system of cultural hegemony that legitimizes imperialism. Cultural imperialism may take various forms, such as an attitude, a formal policy, or military action—insofar as each of these reinforces the empire's cultural hegemony.
For them, Hindi alone was the unifying factor for all the diverse forces in the country. They even wanted to make Hindi as the official language of India and felt that it should be promoted at the expense of English and the other regional languages, with some Hindutva followers describing this with the slogan "Hindi-Hindu-Hindustan".
Hindi imposition is a form of linguistic imperialism in which Hindi is obligated in Indian states that do not desire to use Hindi as a regional language. The term is rooted in the anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu , where it was proposed for Hindi to be taught in schools in the Madras Presidency .
The anti-Hindi imposition agitation of 1937–1940 refers to a series of protests that happened in Madras Province of British India during 1937–1940. It was launched in 1937 in opposition to the introduction of compulsory teaching of Hindi in the schools of the province by the Indian National Congress government led by C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji).
Monetary hegemony is an economic and political concept in which a single state has decisive influence over the functions of the international monetary system. A monetary hegemon would need: accessibility to international credits ,