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France declared war against Britain and the Netherlands on 1 February 1793 and soon afterwards against Spain. In the course of the year 1793 the Holy Roman Empire (on 23 March), the kings of Portugal and Naples, and the Grand Duke of Tuscany declared war against France. Thus the First Coalition was formed. [18]
France faced attacks on several fronts, and few expected the war to last very long. [20] However, instead of capitalising on this advantage, the Allied advance became pedestrian. The large Coalition army on the Rhine under the Duke of Brunswick was reluctant to advance due to hopes for a political settlement. The Coalition Army in Flanders had ...
One of the first usages of the term "Coalition Wars" can be found in the 1803 Tribunat report, titled Résultats des guerres, des négociations et des traités qui ont précedĚé et suivi la coalition contre la France ("Results of the Wars, Negotiations and Treaties that preceded and followed the Coalition against France").
Coalition victory 13 October 1793: First Battle of Wissembourg (1793) Rhine: French First Republic Habsburg Monarchy Hesse-Kassel * Armée des émigrés: Coalition victory 14 October – 14 November 1793: Siege of Fort-Louis (1793) Rhine: French First Republic Habsburg Monarchy Hesse-Darmstadt Electorate of Bavaria: Coalition victory 15 – 16 ...
The War of the First Coalition broke out in autumn 1792, when several European powers formed an alliance against Republican France.The first major operation was the annexation of the County of Nice and the Duchy of Savoy (both states of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia) by 30,000 French troops.
Consequently, in this War of the First Coalition (1792–98), France ranged itself against most of the European states sharing land or water borders with her, plus Great Britain, the Kingdom of Portugal and the Ottoman Empire. [1] From 1793 to 1795, French successes varied. By 1794, the armies of the French Republic were in a state of disruption.
However, there was a real risk that France would be overwhelmed by foreign forces if a large anti-French coalition were to be formed. This is why many leftist deputies within the Assembly such as Robespierre opposed a war, [5] arguing France was not ready for it and could lose all progress (as they saw it) made thus far during the Revolution.
The first treaty, on 5 April 1795 between France and Prussia, had been under discussion since 1794. Prussia withdrew from the coalition that had been working on the impending partition of Poland and, when it was appropriate, withdrew its troops aligned against Austria and Russia.