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The cancer stem cell model, also known as the Hierarchical Model proposes that tumors are hierarchically organized (CSCs lying at the apex [6] (Fig. 3).) Within the cancer population of the tumors there are cancer stem cells (CSC) that are tumorigenic cells and are biologically distinct from other subpopulations [7] They have two defining features: their long-term ability to self-renew and ...
According to the hypothesis, cancer stem cells are the only cells capable of tumorigenesis – initiation of a new tumor. [87] Cancer stem cell hypothesis might explain such phenomena as metastasis and remission. The monoclonal model of cancer and the cancer stem-cell model are not mutually exclusive. [87] Cancer stem cell arises by clonal ...
In 1997, Dick reported the detection of cancer stem cells at the root of three other forms of leukemia. This time he presented it as the "cancer stem-cell hypothesis". His model stated that there are different cancer cells and amongst them there is a pecking order in which the abnormal stem cell, is both the key to forming and feeding a cancer ...
The cancer stem cell model asserts that within a population of tumour cells, there is only a small subset of cells that are tumourigenic (able to form tumours). These cells are termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), and are marked by the ability to both self-renew and differentiate into non-tumourigenic progeny.
In accordance with the hierarchy model of tumours, the cancer stem cells (CSC) are maintained by biochemical and physical contextual signals emanating from the microenvironment, called the cancer stem cell niche. [56]
Cancer stem cells in breast tumors were first discovered in 2003. [6] There are different theories exist on the origins of these cells. There are findings that indicates that normal cells undergo mutations which result in their transformation into BCSCs, [7] while there are also studies which concluded that these cells come from the misplacement of somatic stem cells de novo.
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