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Freezing point (°C) K f (°C⋅kg/mol) Data source; ... Ethanol: 0.78 78.4 1.22 –114.6 –1.99 ... Water: 100.00 0.512 0.00 –1.86
Density at 25 °C relative to 25 °C water Freezing temperature, °C 10 °C 20 °C 25 °C ... Solid–liquid equilibrium of the mixture of ethanol and water ...
Because of its low freezing point of −114 °C (−173 °F) and low toxicity, ethanol is sometimes used in laboratories (with dry ice or other coolants) as a cooling bath to keep vessels at temperatures below the freezing point of water.
Ethanol-72 Note: without the addition of ethylene glycol, temp is -78 °C. Dry ice: Trichloroethylene-73 Dry ice: Isopropyl alcohol-77 Liquid N 2: Butyl acetate-77 Dry ice: Acetone-78 Liquid N 2: Isoamyl acetate-79 Dry ice: Sulfur dioxide-82 Liquid N 2: Ethyl Acetate-84 Liquid N 2: n-Butanol-89 Liquid N 2: Hexane-94 Liquid N 2: Acetone-94 ...
Consequently, at a given temperature and ethanol concentration, the freezing process will reach an equilibrium at a specific ratio of water ice and enriched ethanol solution with a specific ethanol concentration. The temperatures and mixing ratios of these phase equilibria can be read from the phase diagram of ethanol and water. The maximum ...
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
Mixing solvents creates cooling baths with variable freezing points. Temperatures between approximately −78 °C and −17 °C can be maintained by placing coolant into a mixture of ethylene glycol and ethanol, [1] while mixtures of methanol and water span the −128 °C to 0 °C temperature range.
The eutectic nature of salt and water is exploited when salt is spread on roads to aid snow removal, or mixed with ice to produce low temperatures (for example, in traditional ice cream making). Ethanol–water has an unusually biased eutectic point, i.e. it is close to pure ethanol, which sets the maximum proof obtainable by fractional freezing.