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The functionality of voltage-gated ion channels is attributed to its three main discrete units: the voltage sensor, the pore or conducting pathway, and the gate. [3] Na +, K +, and Ca 2+ channels are composed of four transmembrane domains arranged around a central pore; these four domains are part of a single α-subunit in the case of most Na ...
There are four groups of intramembrane proteases, distinguished by their catalytic mechanism: [5]. Metalloproteases: Site-2 protease (S2P) and S2P-like proteases [9]; Aspartyl proteases: this group includes presenilin, the active subunit of gamma secretase [10] [11] and signal peptide peptidases (SPPs) and SPP-like proteases, which are distantly related to presenilin but have opposite membrane ...
The gradient also provides control of the concentration of ions such as Ca 2+ driven by the mitochondrial membrane potential. [1] The membrane only allows nonpolar molecules such as CO 2 and O 2 and small non charged polar molecules such as H 2 O to enter the matrix.
Ribbon diagrams, also known as Richardson diagrams, are 3D schematic representations of protein structure and are one of the most common methods of protein depiction used today. The ribbon depicts the general course and organization of the protein backbone in 3D and serves as a visual framework for hanging details of the entire atomic structure ...
It is synonymous with bone tissue formation. [1] There are two processes resulting in the formation of normal, healthy bone tissue : [ 2 ] Intramembranous ossification is the direct laying down of bone into the primitive connective tissue ( mesenchyme ), while endochondral ossification involves cartilage as a precursor.
The following bones develop in humans via Intramembranous ossification: [3] Flat bones of the face; Most of the bones of the skull; Clavicles; Other bone that formed by intramembranous ossification are: cortices of tubular and flat bones as well as the calvaria, upper facial bones, tympanic temporal bone, vomer, and medial pterygoid process. [4]
A dermal bone or investing bone or membrane bone is a bony structure derived from intramembranous ossification forming components of the vertebrate skeleton, including much of the skull, jaws, gill covers, shoulder girdle, fin rays (lepidotrichia), and the shells of turtles and armadillos.
The bacterial adhesin consists primarily of an intramembranous structural protein which provides a scaffold upon which several extracellular adhesins may be attached. [3] However, as in the case of the CFA1 fimbriae, the structural protein itself can sometimes act as an adhesin if a portion of the protein extends into the extracellular matrix ...