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Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA, SGCA, or SGCT) is a low-grade astrocytic brain tumor (astrocytoma) that arises within the ventricles of the brain. [1] It is most commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Although it is a low-grade tumor, its location can potentially obstruct the ventricles and lead to hydrocephalus.
The nuclei tend to form clusters. [citation needed] On a CT, it often shows a less dense to equally dense mass. If it is big, it may have parts that are cystic or calcific. [2] In 50-60% of cases, the tumor is in the fourth ventricle, while the second most common (30-40% of cases) location is the side ventricles.
Astrocytoma is a type of brain tumor. Astrocytomas (also astrocytomata) originate from a specific kind of star-shaped glial cell in the cerebrum called an astrocyte . This type of tumor does not usually spread outside the brain and spinal cord and it does not usually affect other organs.
1.4.1 Pilocytic astrocytoma 1.4.2 High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features 1.4.3 Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma 1.4.4 Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma 1.4.5 Chordoid glioma 1.4.6 Astroblastoma, MN1-altered 1.5 Glioneuronal and neuronal tumours 1.5.1 Ganglioglioma 1.5.2 Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma / desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 February 2025. Neoplasm in the brain Medical condition Brain tumor Other names Intracranial neoplasm, brain tumour, brain cancer Brain metastasis in the right cerebral hemisphere from lung cancer, shown on magnetic resonance imaging Specialty Neurosurgery, neuro-oncology Symptoms Vary depending on the ...
Giant cell astrocytoma: (grows and blocks the cerebrospinal fluid flow, leading to dilatation of ventricles causing headache and vomiting) Cortical tubers: after which the disease is named; Subependymal nodules: form in the walls of ventricles; Classic intracranial manifestations of TSC include subependymal nodules and cortical/subcortical ...
Astrocytoma and ependymoma are more familiar intramedullary tumors which share many similar features to ganglioglioma, including T2 hyperintensity, enhancement, tumoral cysts, and cord edema. Poorly defined margins may be more suggestive of astrocytoma, while a central location in the spinal cord, hemorrhage, and hemosiderin staining are often ...
A giant cell (also known as a multinucleated giant cell, or multinucleate giant cell) is a mass formed by the union of several distinct cells (usually histiocytes), often forming a granuloma. [ 1 ] Although there is typically a focus on the pathological aspects of multinucleate giant cells (MGCs), they also play many important physiological roles.
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