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Aortic rupture is a rare, extremely dangerous condition that is considered a medical emergency. [1] The most common cause is an abdominal aortic aneurysm that has ruptured spontaneously. Aortic rupture is distinct from aortic dissection , which is a tear through the inner wall of the aorta that can block the flow of blood through the aorta to ...
Thus traumatic aortic rupture is a common killer in automotive accidents and other traumas, [1] with up to 18% of deaths that occur in automobile collisions being related to the injury. [2] In fact, aortic disruption due to blunt chest trauma is the second leading cause of injury death behind traumatic brain injury .
Therefore, aortic injury is on a scale from injury to a part of the inner layer to a complete tear of all three layers. [7] There are 4 grades of aortic injury. [1] Type I: Intimal tear; Type II: Intramural hematoma; Type III: Pseudoaneurysm; Type IV: Rupture; In addition to the 4 grades of aortic injury, the risk of rupture can also be ...
But while horses communicate some things extremely clearly, it can be much trickier to detect if a horse is in pain or discomfort, or if they would benefit from a different bit, or a new type of ...
Back pain in a horse may be related to movement in an unnatural and stressed position, not unlike those that cause back pain in humans. Back pain in a horse may be caused for a variety of reasons. Saddle fit, poor riding technique, lack of conditioning, overwork, accidents, or lameness can all contribute to back pain. A saddle that is not ...
A ruptured tendon usually refers to the complete separation of a tendon. Tendon separation results in a complete loss of the tendon fibers, a marked increase in tendon cross-sectional area, and loss of support in the limb. [56] A totally ruptured superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) will cause a visible drop in the angle of the fetlock. [57]
Aortic dissection (AD) occurs when an injury to the innermost layer of the aorta allows blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall, forcing the layers apart. [3] In most cases, this is associated with a sudden onset of agonizing chest or back pain, often described as "tearing" in character.
Horses in Paris showed signs of pain and stress, she said, through “gaping mouths to try to escape bit pain, tail swishing, very tense eyes with the white sclera showing, jaw tension, lip ...