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Much of the concern related to ozone therapy revolves around the safety of blood ozonation. When inhaled by mammals in high levels, ozone reacts with compounds in tissues lining the lungs and triggers a cascade of pathological effects, including pulmonary edema, however, ozone therapy does not usually involve inhalation of ozone gas.
For seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing high (4.5x10 14 ions/second) and low (1.7x10 11 ions/second) flow rate negative air ionization with bright light therapy found that the post-treatment improvement percentage was 57.1% for bright light, 47.9% for high-density ions and 22.7% for low-density ions. [8]
Irritant gases are those that, on inhalation, dissolve in the water of the respiratory tract mucosa and provoke an inflammatory response, usually from the release of acidic or alkaline radicals. [1] [2] Smoke, chlorine, phosgene, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and ammonia are common irritants.
A feasibility study of the ozone formed from the oxidation of nitrogen dioxide in ambient air reported by the WHO suggested that daily deaths of 1 to 2% is attributed to exposure to ozone concentration above 47.3 ppb and exposure above 75.7 ppb is attributed to 3 to 5% increase in daily mortality. A level of 114 ppb was attributed to 5 to 9% ...
The term immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) is defined by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as exposure to airborne contaminants that is "likely to cause death or immediate or delayed permanent adverse health effects or prevent escape from such an environment." Examples include smoke or other ...
Ozone (/ ˈ oʊ z oʊ n /) (or trioxygen) is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O 3.It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope O
Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O 2) at increased partial pressures.Severe cases can result in cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system, lungs, and eyes.
Ventilation with outdoor air containing elevated ozone concentrations may complicate remediation attempts. [69] The WHO standard for ozone concentration is 60 μg/m 3 for long-term exposure and 100 μg/m 3 as the maximum average over an 8-hour period. [29] The EPA standard for ozone concentration is 0.07 ppm average over an 8-hour period. [70]