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Finite element method (FEM) is a popular method for numerically solving differential equations arising in engineering and mathematical modeling. Typical problem areas of interest include the traditional fields of structural analysis , heat transfer , fluid flow , mass transport, and electromagnetic potential .
The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful technique originally developed for numerical solution of complex problems in structural mechanics, and it remains the method of choice for complex systems. In the FEM, the structural system is modeled by a set of appropriate finite elements interconnected at
The finite element method has been the tool of choice since civil engineer Ray W. Clough in 1940 derived the stiffness matrix of a 3-node triangular finite element (and coined the name). The precursors of FEM were elements built-up from bars ( Hrennikoff , Argyris , Turner) and a conceptual variation approach suggested by R. Courant .
This form reveals how to generalize the element stiffness to 3-D space trusses by simply extending the pattern that is evident in this formulation. After developing the element stiffness matrix in the global coordinate system, they must be merged into a single “master” or “global” stiffness matrix.
The methods used for solving two dimensional Diffusion problems are similar to those used for one dimensional problems. The general equation for steady diffusion can be easily derived from the general transport equation for property Φ by deleting transient and convective terms [1]
Therefore, the requirement on the continuity of assumed displacement functions is weaker than in the strong formulation. In a discrete form (such as the Finite element method, or FEM), a sufficient requirement for an assumed displacement function is piecewise continuous over the entire problems domain. This allows us to construct the function ...
In applied mathematics, discontinuous Galerkin methods (DG methods) form a class of numerical methods for solving differential equations.They combine features of the finite element and the finite volume framework and have been successfully applied to hyperbolic, elliptic, parabolic and mixed form problems arising from a wide range of applications.
A general discontinuous finite element formulation is needed. [1] The unsteady convection–diffusion problem is considered, at first the known temperature T is expanded into a Taylor series with respect to time taking into account its three components.