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Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass surgery (TECAB) is an entirely endoscopic robotic surgery used to treat coronary heart disease, developed in the late 1990s. It is an advanced form of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery , which allows bypass surgery to be conducted off-pump without opening the ribcage.
Thoracentesis / ˌ θ ɔː r ə s ɪ n ˈ t iː s ɪ s /, also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek θώραξ (thōrax, GEN thōrakos) 'chest, thorax' and κέντησις (kentēsis) 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term), is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic ...
Surgical airway management (bronchotomy [1] or laryngotomy) is the medical procedure ensuring an open airway between a patient’s lungs and the outside world. Surgical methods for airway management rely on making a surgical incision below the glottis in order to achieve direct access to the lower respiratory tract, bypassing the upper respiratory tract.
As with any surgery, complications may occur. Post lobectomy air leak is a significant clinical problem, [5] and patients undergoing pulmonary resections often present with postoperative air leaks. [6] Other risk factors include infections, reactions to anesthesia, bleeding, pneumothorax and bronchopleural fistula. [7]
-ectomy : surgical removal (see List of -ectomies). The term 'resection' is also used, especially when referring to a tumor.-opsy : looking at-oscopy : viewing of, normally with a scope-ostomy or -stomy : surgically creating a hole (a new "mouth" or "stoma", from the Greek στόμα (stóma), meaning "body", see List of -ostomies)
An endoscopy is a simple procedure that allows a doctor to look inside human bodies using an instrument called an endoscope. A cutting tool can be attached to the end of the endoscope, and the apparatus can then be used to perform minor procedures such as tissue biopsies, banding of oesophageal varices or removal of polyps.
Since the pulmonary resistance is proportional to the pressure driving the pulmonary flow (=), it follows that the pulmonary pressure decreases. This in turn means that the work per time (power) decreases because it is equal to the pressure gradient times the volumetric flow , which in this case is the cardiac output.
Therapeutic endoscopy is the medical term for an endoscopic procedure during which treatment is carried out via the endoscope. This contrasts with diagnostic endoscopy , where the aim of the procedure is purely to visualize a part of the gastrointestinal , respiratory or urinary tract in order to aid diagnosis .