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In fluid dynamics, head is a concept that relates the energy in an incompressible fluid to the height of an equivalent static column of that fluid. From Bernoulli's principle, the total energy at a given point in a fluid is the kinetic energy associated with the speed of flow of the fluid, plus energy from static pressure in the fluid, plus energy from the height of the fluid relative to an ...
Flows through the unsaturated zone that couple surface water to soil moisture and groundwater can be upward or downward, depending upon the gradient of hydraulic head in the soil, can be modeled using the numerical solution of Richards' equation [2] partial differential equation, or the ordinary differential equation Finite Water-Content method ...
The discharge potential is a potential in groundwater mechanics which links the physical properties, hydraulic head, with a mathematical formulation for the energy as a function of position. The discharge potential, Φ {\textstyle \Phi } [L 3 ·T −1 ], is defined in such way that its gradient equals the discharge vector.
Hydraulic head (red line) gradients actually cause groundwater to flow. Pressure head (blue line) is zero at the top of the column, as designated by the inverted triangle and horizontal lines (showing the water table). Elevation head (green line) always increases 1:1 with elevation.
where s is the drawdown (change in hydraulic head at a point since the beginning of the test in units of distance), u is a dimensionless parameter, Q is the discharge (pumping) rate of the well (volume per unit time), T and S are the transmissivity and storativity of the aquifer around the well (distance squared per unit time and dimensionless ...
Hydraulic head (red line) gradients actually cause groundwater to flow (from high head to low head, down in this case). Pressure head (blue line) is zero at the top of the column, as designated by the inverted triangle and horizontal lines (showing the water table). Elevation head (green line) always increases 1:1 with elevation.
The water is then allowed to flow through the soil without adding any water, so the pressure head declines as water passes through the specimen. The advantage to the falling-head method is that it can be used for both fine-grained and coarse-grained soils. . [5] If the head drops from h i to h f in a time Δt, then the hydraulic conductivity is ...
h = z + p / ρg is the piezometric head or hydraulic head (the sum of the elevation z and the pressure head) [11] [12] and; p 0 = p + q is the stagnation pressure (the sum of the static pressure p and dynamic pressure q). [13] The constant in the Bernoulli equation can be normalized.