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Syrup of ipecac (/ ˈ ɪ p ɪ k æ k /), or simply ipecac, is a drug that was once widely used as an expectorant (in low doses) and a rapid-acting emetic (in higher doses). It is obtained from the dried rhizome and roots of the ipecacuanha plant ( Carapichea ipecacuanha ), from which it derives its name.
Developed in 1732 by English physician Thomas Dover, [1] the powder was an old preparation of powder of ipecacuanha (which was formerly used to produce syrup of ipecac), opium in powder, and potassium sulfate. Initially designed to treat gout, it was later recommended for general pains, insomnia, and diarrhea, among others.
Ipecacuanha has a long history of use as an emetic, for emptying the stomach in cases of poisoning, a use that has been discontinued in medical settings (see syrup of ipecac). It has also been used as a nauseant, expectorant, and diaphoretic, and was prescribed for conditions such as bronchitis.
Cephaeline is an alkaloid that is found in Cephaelis ipecacuanha and other plant species including Psychotria acuminata. [1] Cephaeline induces vomiting by stimulating the stomach lining and is found in commercial products such as syrup of ipecac. [2] Chemically, it is closely related to emetine.
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Early use of emetine was in the form of oral administration of the extract of ipecac root, or ipecacuanha. This extract was originally thought to contain only one alkaloid, emetine, but was found to contain several, including cephaeline, psychotrine and others. Although this therapy was reportedly successful, the extract caused vomiting in many ...
Euphorbia ipecacuanhae, known by the common names of Carolina ipecac, American ipecac, and ipecac spurge, is a member of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae.It is a perennial herb, native to the seaboard of the eastern United States, from South Carolina to Long Island.
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