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A model of the subducting Farallon slab under North America. In geology, the slab is a significant constituent of subduction zones. [1] Subduction slabs drive plate tectonics by pulling along the lithosphere to which they attach in a process known as slab pull and by inducing currents in the mantle via slab suction. [2]
The failure of a flat slab is associated with ignimbritic volcanism and the reverse migration of arc volcanism. [2] Multiple working hypotheses about the cause of flat slabs are subduction of thick, buoyant oceanic crust (15–20 km) [6] and trench rollback accompanying a rapidly overriding upper plate and enhanced trench suction. [7]
Slab suction is weaker than slab pull, which is the strongest of the driving forces. When measuring the forces of these two mechanisms, slab pull in subducting plate boundaries for upper mantle slabs is 1.9 × 10^21 N. [ clarification needed ] In comparison slab suction in the upper and lower mantle totaled 1.6 × 10^21 N. [ 3 ]
The HSZ slab is divided into two main segments, the western and eastern, with the division between them running roughly north–south through central Crete. [1] The Wadati–Benioff zone for the western segment dips at about 30° over a depth range of 20–100 km and 45° from 100 to 150 km. [ 7 ] The boundary between the two is interpreted to ...
The pulling effect of the slab as it goes down into the mantle causes a rollback motion of the trench, which also applies stress on the back-arc region of the upper plate. [2] However, this last process has less of an impact on deformation compared to upper plate motion. [2] Back-arcs can form on either oceanic crust or continental crust.
In plate tectonics, slab detachment or slab break-off may occur during continent-continent or arc-continent collisions. When the continental margin of the subducting plate reaches the oceanic trench of the subduction zone , the more buoyant continental crust will in normal circumstances experience only a limited amount of subduction into the ...
The solution is the new developing slab moves not only vertically, but also laterally leading to a deep strike-slip movement. [16] The development of co-existence of two opposite slabs is described as a double sided subduction [19] or doubly convergent wedge. [16] Eventually, the development of new slab grows and slides onto the old slab.
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